![]() This review summarizes the following: (1) the composition of substances/nutrients in the cutaneous ecological environment that are derived from the host and the environment, highlighting their proposed function on skin microbiota (2) the features of dominant skin commensals to occupy ecological niches, through self-adaptation and microbe-microbe interactions (3) how skin microbes, by their structures or bioactive molecules, reshape host skin phenotypes, including skin immunity, maintenance of skin physiology such as pH and hydration, ultraviolet (UV) protection, odor production, and wound healing. To explore the fundamental factors driving the complexity of the ecosystem, namely the selection pressures, we review the present studies on skin microbiome from the perspectives of ecology. However, the community composition is highly individualized and extremely complex. Profiling the structure of skin microbial community is the first step to overview the ecosystem. ![]() Skin microbiota is believed to exert critical functions in maintaining host skin health. Skin is a complex ecosystem colonized by millions of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. ![]()
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